Written by TL Winslow
Forget Wikipedia, forget government and mainstream media propaganda ‘fact checkers’. T L Winslow succinctly encapsulates a truer, more disturbing history of the science of man-made global warming. An excerpt is provided below, a full version is at www.historyscoper.com.
About 1460 the Sporer (Spörer) Minimum begins (ends 1550), a 90-year span of low solar activity first proposed in 1976 by John A. Eddy based on analysis of C-14 in tree rings, and named for German astronomer Gustav Sporer.
In 1645 the Maunder Minimum (period of low sunspot counts) begins (ends 1715); the Thames River freezes every winter, and there is famine throughout Europe and China.
In 1793 English meteorologist John Dalton (1766-1844) pub. his first work Meteorological Observations and Essays (2nd ed. 1834), based on his habit of M.O., which goes on from 1787-1844, later used to propose the Dalton Minimum of low sunspot counts in 1796-1820 (1790-1830?).
In 1816 the Year Without a Summer (Poverty Year), caused by the Apr. 10, 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora sees the worse European winter (until ?) followed by a widespread European crop failure that causes food riots in Britain, France, and Belgium, while Britain experiences its worst-ever depression (until ?) during the next two years, with the economy taking until 1820 to begin reviving; meanwhile, the economic depression combined with the overthrow of Napoleon brings the English working class to the brink of rev. over the winter of 1816-7.
In 1822 French mathematician Baron Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830) pub. On the Propagation of Heat in Solid Bodies(Theorie Analytique de la Chaleur), his mathematical theory of heat conduction, introducing his hot new Fourier Series, expansions of piecewise continuous functions as trigonometrical series. In 1825 he discovers the Greenhouse Effect.
In 1850 the Little Ice Age (begun 1250), which has kept Europe cold and half-starved suddenly ends in a span of a few years; the Great Glacier Retreat begins (ends ?) – giving Euros a chance to create a peaceful Paradise or a war-torn Hell?
In 1859 Irish physicist John Tyndall (1820-93) discovers that gases can block infrared radiation, and suggests that they could be used to bring climate change, AKA the Greenhouse Effect – all ahead full? Too bad, in 1856 Am. scientist Eunice Foote already pub. it.
In 1889 after attempting to determine the surface temp of the Moon by measuring infared radiation reaching the Earth, using the angle in the sky to estimate CO2 and water vapor in the Earth’s atmosphere, U. of Pittsburgh astronomer Samuel Pierpoint Langley (1834-1906)pub. The Temperature of the Moon: from Studies at the Allegheny Observatory.
In Apr. 1896 Swedish chemist Svante August Arrhenius (1859-1927) pub. On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air upon the Temperature of the Earth, which first describes the effect of CO2 in raising atmospheric temps via the greenhouse effect, calculating the effect of a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) to be an increase in surface temp of 5C-8C, while a halving of it would produce a new ice age; “If the quantity of carbonic acid increases in geometric progression, the augmentation of the temperature will increase nearly in arithmetic progression.”
On Nov. 1, 1899 Mattoon, Ill.-born geologist Thomas Chrowder “T.C.” Chamberlin (1843-1928) pub. An Attempt to Frame a Working Hypothesis of the Cause of Glacial Periods on an Atmospheric Basis, which promotes the theory that atmospheric CO2 concentration can drive changes in the climate for the purposes of climate engineering (geoengineering);
“When the temperature is rising after a glacial episode, dissociation is promoted, and the ocean gives forth its carbon dioxide at an increased rate, and thereby assists in accelerating the amelioration of climate.”; “A study of the life of the geological periods seems to indicate that there were very notable fluctuations in the total mass of living matter. To be sure there was a reciprocal relation between the life of the land and that of the sea, so that when the latter was extended upon the continental platforms and greatly augmented, the former was contracted, but notwithstanding this it seems clear that the sum of life activity fluctuated notably during the ages. It is believed that on the whole it was greatest at the periods of sea extension and mild climates, and least at the times of disruption and climatic intensification. This factor then acted antithetically to the carbonic acid freeing previously noted, and, so far as it went, tended to offset its effects. It now becomes necessary to assign agencies capable of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere at a rate sufficiently above the normal rate of supply, at certain times, to produce glaciation; and on the other hand, capable of restoring it to the atmosphere at certain other times in sufficient amounts to produce mild climates.”
In 1938 Montreal, Canada-born British steam engineer Guy Stewart “G.S.” Callendar (1898-1964) pub. the Callendar (Greenhouse) Effect caused by the burning of fossil fuels, assessing climate sensitivity at 2 deg C and claiming that it would be beneficial, delaying a “return of the deadly glaciers”, meeting with widespread skepticism but leading to attempts to measure atmospheric CO2 concentrations in Hawaii in 1958.
In 1953 Wilton, N.H.-born astrophysicist Charles Greeley Abbot (1872-1973) (former asst. of Charles Pierpont Langley), dir. since 1907 of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (inventor of the solar cooker, solar boiler, and solar still) discovers a link between sunspot cycles and Earth climate, claiming to be able to predict climate patterns 50 years in advance.
In 1957 Seattle, Wash.-born geologist-oceanographer Roger Randall Douglas Revelle (1909-91) and Vienna, Austria-born Am. chemist-physicist Hans Eduard Suess (1909-93) pub. the paper “Carbon dioxide exchange between atmosphere and ocean and the question of an increase of atmospheric CO2 during the past decades” in Tellus, which suggests that the rate of absorption of excess CO2 by Earth’s oceans is lower than previously estimate, threatening a greenhouse effect leading to global warming, and proposing the Revelle Factor, the resistance to absorption of carbon dioxide by the ocean surface layer due to bicarbonate chemistry, which is higher in warm waters, leading to more anthropogenic CO2; Revelle goes on to help create the Internat. Geophysical Year in 1958, and the Committee on Climate Change and the Ocean (CCCO), help found the U. of Calif. San Diego (UCSD), and become Al Gore’s professor and mentor.
In Mar. 1958 Am. chemist Charles David Keeling (1928-2005) begins measuring atmospheric CO2 on Mauna Loa, Hawaii for the Internat. Geophysical Year, obtaining an initial reading of 314 ppm, which grows to 387 ppm in 50 years, becoming known as the Keeling Curve.
In 1972 Am. astronomers Carl Edward Sagan (1934-96) and George Mullen propose the Faint Early Sun Paradox, that the Earth’s climate has been fairly constant for the last 4B years yet the Sun’s radiation has increased by 25%-30%; in 1993 Am. scientist Jim Fraser Kasting (1953-) concludes that CO2 was 30% of the Earth’s atmosphere, creating a greenhouse effect; in 2010 Danish scientist Minik Rosing et al. propose that the cloud layer was thinner in the past, allowing more rays to reach the Sun, and that the CO2 levels were only 0.1%.
On Apr. 28, 1975 Newsweek pub. the article The Cooling World by Peter Gwynne, which claims that evidence of a coming ice age is accumulating “so massively that meteorologists are hard-pressed to keep up with it.”
In 1979 Am. meteorologist Jule Gregory Charney (1917-81) pub. The Charney Report (Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Scientific Assessment), which concludes: “We estimate the most probable global warming for a doubling of CO2 to be near 3°C with a probable error of ± 1.5°C”; too bad, it never mentions the Greenhouse Gas Theory?
On June 4, 1992 the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is opened for signatures at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, entering into force on Mar. 21, 1994, with the objective to “stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system”, setting non-binding limits on greenhouse gas emissions with no enforcement mechanisms.
In summer 1992 the article “What to do about greenhouse warning: Look before you leap”, by Austrian-born Am. physicist Siegfried Fred Singer (1924-) and electrical engineer Chauncey Starr (1912-2007) is pub. in Cosmos: A Journal of Engineering Issues, which contains the soundbyte: “Drastic, precipitous – and, especially, unilateral – steps to delay the putative greenhouse impacts can cost jobs and prosperity and increase the human costs of global poverty, without being effective. Stringent economic controls now would be economically devastating particularly for developing countries”, and concludes:
“The scientific base for a greenhouse warming is too uncertain to justify drastic action at this time. There is little risk in delaying policy responses“;
too bad, Seattle, Wash.-born geologist-oceanographer (“Father of Global Warming”) Roger Randall Douglas Revelle (1909-91) adds his name to the article after Singer allegedly hoodwinks him, causing Revelle’s grad student Justin Lancaster to to call Singer’s actions “unethical”, after which Singer sues with the support of the Center for Public Interest in Washington, D.C., receiving a letter of apology from Lancaster sans admission of wrongdoing, only to withdraw his letter in 2006 after Robert Balling et al. continue to claim that Revelle is the article’s real author, while Revelle waffles until his 1991 death; meanwhile in June 1992 Dem. vice-pres. candidate Albert Arnold “Al” Gore Jr. (1948-) pub. the NYT bestseller (first by a sitting U.S. sen. ince JFK’s “Profiles in Courage”) Earth in the Balance: Ecology and the Human Spirit, proposing a Global Marshall Plan to save the planet.
In Feb. 2007 Singer and Am. food policy analyst Dennis T. Avery (1936-) pub. Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1500 Years, containing the soundbyte:
“The Earth is warming but physical evidence from around the world tells us that human-emitted carbon dioxide has played only a minor role in it. Instead, the mild warming seems to be part of a natural 1,500-year climate cycle (plus or minus 500 years) that goes back at least one million years.”
On Nov. 9-10, 1995 a conference in Leipzig, Germany organized by German plant physiologist Helmut Metzner (1925-99) produces the Leipzig Declaration on Global Climate Change, written by Austrian-born Am. physicist Siegfried Fred Singer (1924-) and his Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEP) (founded 1990) in Arlington, Va., and signed by 80 scientists and 25 TV meteorologists, opposing the claims of global warming; in 1997 it is updated to opppose the Kyoto Protocol after a conference on Nov. 10-11 in Bonn, Germany; in 2005 it is revised again; global warming advocates call it a disinfo. campaign.
On Dec. 11, 1997 the Kyoto Protocol is signed by 192 parties incl. all U.N. member states except Andorra, Canada, South Sudan, and the U.S., effective Feb. 16, 2005, extending the 1992 U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) commiting all parties to reduce greenhouse emissions esp. CO2; the Oregon Petition (Global Warming Petition Project), organized by Arthur B. Robinson, pres. of the Ore. Inst. of Science and Medicine and endorsed by Frederick Seitz (1911-2008), pres. #17 of the U.S. Nat Academy of Sciences in 1962-9 has 31K degreed signatories, urging the U.S. to reject the Kyoto Protocol, with the soundbyte: “The proposed limits on greenhouse gases would harm the environment, hinder the advance of science and technology, and damage the health and welfare of mankind.”
On Apr. 23, 1998 Am. climatologists Michael E. Mann (1965-), Raymond S. “Ray” Bradley, and Malcolm K. Hughes pub. the article Global-scale temperature patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries in Nature, proposing the Hockey Stick Graph based on reconstructions of the temp record on Earth over the past 600 (later 1K years), showing an abrupt rise in temps over the last 150 years, ramping up the Global Warming Controversy.
On Aug. 11, 2005 the online ed. of Science pub. three reports reporting that old temp. records used to feed calculations indicating that there is no global warming contained errors, and that the troposphere has warmed during the last two decades; John Christy and Roy Spencer of the U. of Ala., who developed the original records concede the error, but say that the warming rate calculated is too small to be a concern?
On Sept. 28, 2005 the Nat. Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colo. releases data that the Arctic ice cap is shrinking, reaching its smallest-ever size this summer, and that the cause is probably global warming from human-generated greenhouse gases; they also speculate that the change is becoming self-sustaining as the holes in the ice allow the sea to absorb solar energy; they also claim that the permafrost is disappearing, coastal areas are being inundated, and polar bears are losing hunting grounds.
In Dec. 2005 U. of Kan. researcher Johannes Feddema et al. in Science predict that the deforestation of Amazon jungles could strengthen the summer monsoon in the SW U.S., adding 2 in. to the precipitation and offsetting some of global warming’s effects; global deforestation is going at a rate of 50K sq. mi. a year.
In Jan. 2006 the DeSmog Blog is founded by public relations exec James “Jim” Hoggan (1946-) of Vancouver, B.C., Canada to push the global warming theory and oppose “a well-funded and highly organized public relations campaign” that is “poisoning” the climate change debate. On Sept. 29, 2009 he and Richard Littlemore pub. Climate Cover-Up: The Crusade to Deny Global Warming; “Explains how the propaganda generated by self interest groups has purposely created confusion about climate change. It’s an imperative read for a successful future.” – Leonardo DiCaprio
On May 24, 2006 former U.S. vice-pres. #45 (1993-2001) Albert Arnold “Al” Gore Jr. (1948-) pub. An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We Can Do About It; pub. by Rodale Press in Emmaus, Penn.;
“As for why so many people still resist what the facts clearly show, I think, in part, the reason is that the truth about the climate crisis is an inconvenient one that means we are going to have to change the way we live our lives”;
released along with a film (May 24), which does $24M U.S. and $26M worldwide box office, which is followed by An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power (July 28, 2017), which only grosses $5M worldwide; the book is followed by the sequel Our Choice (original title: The Path to Survival) (Nov. 2009) – or, drowning polar bears, submerged mainly Dem. Manhattan and San Fran, and why I shoulda been president then grew a beard to save electricity?
In July 2008 Lord Christopher Walter Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley (1952-) pub. the article Climate Sensitivity Reconsidered in the newsletter of the Am. Physical Society, which contains the soundbyte:
“More importantly, the conclusion is that, perhaps, there is no ‘climate crisis’, and that currently-fashionable efforts by governments to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions are pointless, may be ill-conceived, and could even be harmful”,
thus ramping up the scientific climate change denial movement; on Oct. 18 he posts the online article “More in Sorrow than in Anger, Open letter from The Viscount Monckton of Brenchley to Senator John McCain about Climate Science and Policy” , dissing U.S. Sen. John McCain for a speech he made at a wind farm pushing anthropogenic climate change.
On Nov. 17, 2009 Climategate starts when a hacker breaks into computers at the U. of East Anglia in England and finds emails of Climatic Research Unit scientists faking global warming data at will and bragging about it, dogging the Dec. Copenhagen Summit; CRU dir. Philip Jones is in charge of the two key data sets used by the U.N. Intergovt. Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to draw up its reports; too bad, it comes too near the Copenhagen Summit to stop it, despite U.N. climate scientist panel head Rajendra Pachauri uttering the soundbyte:
“The internal consistency from multiple lines of evidence strongly supports the work of the scientific community, incl. those individuals singled out in these email exchanges.”
On Dec. 7, 2009 the U.S. Environmental Protection Admin. (EPA) announces that greenhouse gases endanger public health and welfare, opening the way for the Obama admin. to impose its own curbs on emissions with or without approval from Congress.
On Dec. 7 the Hopenhagen.org Web site sponsored by Coca-Cola, Siemens, and SAP corps. opens, inviting the world’s citizens to sign a petition demanding world leaders draft binding agreements on climate changes; meanwhile Europe has its coldest winter in 50 years, snowing uninterruptedly starting on Dec. 13; Coca-Cola spearheads a coalition of 100+ cos. pushing a U.N. climate treaty, which commits the world’s wealthiest nations to $10T in foreign aid, and possible create an internat. “super-grid” for regulating and distributing electric power; on Dec. 7-18 the 2009 U.N. Climate Change (Copenhagen) Conference attended by 15K reps from 192 nations is held in Copenhagen, Denmark to attempt to reach an internat. agreement to curb greenhouse gas emissions, with U.N. Climate Change Secretariat head Yvo de Boer uttering the soundbyte:
“The clock has ticked down to zero. After two years of negotiations the time has come to deliver”;
developing nations will be offered aid to cut emissions; on Dec. 8 a leaked document showing that world leaders will be asked to sign an agreement handing more power to rich countries and sidelining the U.N.’s role in all future climate negotiations causes an uproar, after which African reps. walk out on Dec. 14; on Dec. 14 Al Gore gives a speech, claiming that polar ice may vanish in 5-7 years (summer 2014), rather than in 2030 like other scientists estimate, citing Wieslav Maslowski, who later disclaims it.
On Dec. 18 Pres. Obama visits it, originally planning to pledge a 17% emissions cut by 2020, and 83% by 2050, but ending up frantically trying to rescue it from a stalemate after China balks at a real deal, getting snubbed by the Chinese PM then crashing a meeting to work a last-minute toothless deal in order to claim a V; the last day of the conference is blanked with 4 in. of snow; Christopher Monckton, former science adviser to British PM Margaret Thatcher claims that the real purpose of the conference is to lay the foundation for a OWG, but since it was a dud he must have been mistaken?; on Dec. 12 Danish police arrest 968 of 100K pro-global-warming protesters in Copenhagen; next July U.N. climate chief Yvo de Boer resigns.
On Jan. 18, 2011 Canadian geographer-climatologist Timothy Francis “Tim” Ball (1938-), Charles Anderson, Martin Hertzberg, Claes Johnson, Joseph Olson, John O’Sullivan, and Hans Schreuder pub. Slaying the Sky Dragon – Death of the Greenhouse Gas Theory, claiming to dispove the theory of manmade global warming by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; a product of Principia Scientific Internat. (PSI), founded in the U.K. in 2010 by John O’Sullivan to push the claim that CO2 is not a greenhouse gas. In 2011 hockey stick man Michael Mann sues Tim Ball for defamation for the soundbyte that Mann “should be in the State Pen, not Penn State”. On Jan. 21, 2014 Ball pub. The Deliberate Corruption of Climate Science, dissing the progressive left for politicizing what should only be a science.
On Mar. 2, 2013 the Non-Governmental Internat. Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC) (sponsored by the Heartland Inst.) meets in New York City to discuss its report dissing the ability of human-generated emissions to cause climate change in opposition to the U.N.’s IPCC; leaders incl. Christopher Walter Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley (1952-), former adviser to British PM Margaret Thatcher.
On Apr. 29, 2013 the atmospheric CO2 concentration at NOAA’s Mauna Loa Observatory reaches 400 ppm for the first time after increasing 2.1 ppm per year for the last 10 years.
On Sept. 27, 2013 the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is released, concluding that: “It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century.”
On May 24, 2015 Pope Francis pub. the encyclical Laudato Si, preaching climate change.
On Nov. 30-Dec. 12, 2015 the 2015 U.N. Climate Change Conference (COP 21) (CMP 11) in Paris, France, attended by leaders from 147 nations negotiates the Paris Climate Agreement (Accord), signed by reps of 196 parties, agreeing to a goal of a 1.5C limit to global temperature increase by 2030.
On Jan. 12, 2016 Pres. Obama delivers his (last) 2016 State of the Union Speech (watched by 31.3M viewers), ignoring the taking of U.S. Navy hostages by Iran and waxing lyrical about the United State of America, with the soundbytes:
“The United States of America is the most powerful nation on Earth, period. It’s not even close. We spend more on our military than the next eight nations combined”, “Surveys show our standing around the world is higher than when I was elected to this office, and when it comes to every important international issue, people of the world do not look to Beijing or Moscow to lead, they call us”, and “Anyone claiming that America’s economy is in decline is peddling fiction”,
dissing Repub. climate deniers with the soundbyte:
“Look, if anybody still wants to dispute the science around climate change, have at it. You’ll be pretty lonely, because you’ll be debating our military, most of America’s business leaders, the majority of the American people, almost the entire scientific community, and 200 nations around the world who agree it’s a problem and intend to solve it”,
then strangely admitting that failure to heal the Dem.-Repub. divide is “one of the few regrets of my presidency”, heating the divide up himself by slapping at Donald Trump with the Muslim appeasing soundbyte claiming that singling out Muslims “betrayed” America’s identity: “When politicians insult Muslims… that doesn’t make us safer. It’s just wrong. It diminishes us in the eyes of the world. it makes it harder to achieve our goals”, dismissing ISIS as “killers and fanatics who have to be rooted out, hunted down, and destroyed”, adding: “We don’t need to build them up to show that we’re serious, nor do we need to push away vital allies in this fight by echoing the lie that ISIL is representative of one of the world’s largest religions”; Obama reserves an empty chair for the victims of gun violence; Rep. Steve King (R-Iowa) walks out before the speech starts; as Obama begins his last year in office, he has purged U.S. military brass and attempted to fill the ranks with LGBTs and Muslims, you judge a tree by its fruit- and in absolute contradiction to what liar Obama says, the U.S. was only possible because it was free of the Muslim World and Islam, as well as the Roman Catholic world?
On Apr. 22, 2016 (Earth Day) the Paris Climate Agreement (Accord) is opened for signatures at the U.N. HQ in New York City, setting a long-term goal of keeping the increase in global avg. temp to below 2C above pre-industrial levels, and limiting the increase to 1.5C, with each country voluntarily setting targets and target dates, along with plans and reporting mechanisms; by May 2018 195 members sign the agreement, and 177 become a party to it.
On Nov. 7, 2016 the U.N. Climate Megaconference in Marrakesh, Morocco.
On Dec. 19, 2016 snow falls in the Sahara Desert in Ain Sefra, Algeria, becoming the first time since Feb. 1979.
In July 2017 Pope Francis utters the soundbyte that a personal relationship with Jesus Christ is “dangerous and harmful”, calling for a OWG with the political authority to combat climate change et al.
On Aug. 5, 2017 after Pres. Trump announced his intentions in June, the U.S. formally notifies the U.N. of its intent to withdraw from the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement.
Read the full, unedited version at www.historyscoper.com/climatescope.html
